What is periodontics?

Periodontics is a specialty within the field of dentistry that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of periodontal (gum) diseases. It is a specialty that meets a widespread need. Periodontal disease strikes three out of four people and causes 70 percent of all adult tooth loss. Frequently painless, it is a disease that can often be detected only by a dentist or dental hygienist.

Periodontal disease is an infection caused by bacteria that break down the gum and bone tissue that support teeth. When bacteria are uncontrolled, the resulting destruction can lead to tooth loss. Fortunately, the disease can usually be controlled with appropriate professional treatment and follow-up care.

Over 70% of adult Americans have some form of periodontal disease, an infection of the gums caused by bacteria. Left untreated, the infection may gradually destroy the bone that supports teeth and result in tooth loss. Periodontal disease is generally painless, and most people are unaware that they have it until a dental examination reveals the condition.

Periodontal disease is mainly caused by the bacteria found in dental plaque. These bacteria produce toxins or poisons that can irritate the gums. Prolonged irritation may cause the gums to separate from the teeth, creating “pockets” of space between tooth and gum tissue where bacteria thrive. As the disease progresses, the pockets deepen. Eventually, the disease may cause a tooth’s entire support structure to become so weak that the tooth falls out or has to be removed.

Periodontal disease is the number one cause of tooth loss in adults. It cannot be cured, but it can be controlled. Professional intervention is necessary to prevent the disease from causing ongoing deterioration. New advancements have changed the outlook for patients with periodontal disease. Where tooth loss was once inevitable, today many patients are keeping their teeth for a lifetime. By seeking professional help in a timely manner and maintaining a good home care regimen, patients can achieve the best dental health possible.

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